1to 2 dried red chiliesseeded for less heat; broken
1to 2 green chiliesslit lengthwise
1tspginger pasteoptional; omit for ginger-free
For the masala
1/4tspturmeric powder
1tbspcoriander powder
1tspKashmiri red chili powderadjust to taste
2tbspwaterfor a thin slurry
For the gravy
2medium tomatoesabout 1 cup; pureed or very finely grated
salt to taste
1/4cupplain whole-milk yogurtwhisked with 1 tbsp water until smooth
1/2tspdried fenugreek leaveskasuri methi; crushed between palms
1/4to 1/2 tsp garam masala
3/4to 1 cup wateras needed
2urad dal papador moong papad; dry-roasted until crisp with light spots, broken into large pieces
2tbspcilantro leaveschopped
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Instructions
Build the tempering
Heat oil in a kadai on medium heat. Add mustard seeds and wait until they pop.
Add cumin seeds, hing, and dried red chilies. Stir for twenty to thirty seconds until fragrant.
Add green chilies and ginger paste if using. Sauté about thirty seconds without letting the ginger burn.
Cook the masala and tomato
In a small bowl, mix turmeric, coriander powder, Kashmiri chili, and two tablespoons water into a smooth slurry. Pour into the kadai and stir continuously for one to two minutes until the oil begins to separate at the edges.
Add tomato puree and salt. Cook on medium heat, stirring often, until the mixture thickens and the oil shows at the sides, about six to eight minutes depending on your tomatoes.
Finish the gravy
Reduce heat to low. Add the whisked yogurt in a thin stream while stirring constantly. Cook on low for two to three minutes until the gravy looks cohesive and slightly creamy. If it looks too thick, splash in a little hot water.
Rub kasuri methi between your palms and stir in. Add garam masala. Taste and adjust salt and chili.
Add three-quarters cup water (or up to one cup for a thinner shaak) and bring to a gentle boil. Simmer two minutes so the flavors meld.
Add papad and serve
Lower heat. Fold in roasted papad pieces and simmer one to two minutes only, until they soften slightly but still have chew.
Turn off heat, garnish with cilantro, and serve hot with methi thepla, phulka, or rice.
Notes
Roast papad before adding it to the gravy. It should be crisp, not burnt.Add papad at the end; it continues to absorb liquid as it sits.For vegan, swap yogurt for thick coconut cream plus a squeeze of lemon for tang.Best eaten fresh. If you must store, keep gravy and roasted papad separate and combine while reheating.